‘Pederasty Amongst the Ancient Celts’ at https://www.greek-love.com/index.php/antiquity/anthologies/ancient-celts

‘Cartimandua, Queen of the Brigantes’ at https://www.english-heritage.org.uk/learn/histories/women-in-history/cartimandua/

Howarth, N. (2008). Cartimandua, Queen of the Brigantes, Stroud: The History Press.

Halsall, P. (2023). ‘The Experience of Homosexuality in the Middle Ages’ in People with a History: Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Trans History Sourcebook at https://sourcebooks.web.fordham.edu/pwh/gaymidages.asp

Leyser, H. (1995). Medieval Women: A social history of women in England 450-1500, London: Weidenfield & Nicolson.

McNeill, J.T. & H.M. Gamer (1938). Medieval Handbooks of Penance, New York: Columbia University. 

Wingard, T. (2025). ‘”In their reckless lust they forget their sex” – LGBT history in the Middle Ages’, Doing History in Public, at https://doinghistoryinpublic.org/2025/08/12/in-their-reckless-lust-they-forget-their-sex-lgbt-history-in-the-middle-ages/

Anglo Saxon Law Codes: https://www.theanglosaxons.com/law-codes/

‘Homosexuality in Viking Scandinavia’ at https://www.vikinganswerlady.com/gayvik.shtml

William II

Mason, E. (2008). King Rufus: The Life & Murder of William II of England, Stroud: The History Press Ltd.

Edward II

Warner, K. (2017). Edward II: The Unconventional King, Stroud: Amberley.

Dilley, R.S. (1997). ‘Rogues, Raskells and Turkie Faced Jades: Malediction in the Cumbrian Manorial Courts’, CWAAS Transactions, NS 97, 143-191.

Johnson, P. (2019). ‘Buggery and Parliament, 1533-2017′, Parliamentary History, 38.3, 325-341. [https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-0206.12463]

Sasso, B. (2022). Queer Elements in Renaissance English Poetry (thesis), available at https://thesis.unipd.it/retrieve/b67fa605-eac3-4d72-a5e5-0d87e6f83b86/SASSO_BEATRICE.pdf

Thompson, R. (1979), Unfit for Modest Ears: a study of pornographic, obscene, and bawdy works written or published in England in the second half of the seventeenth century, Totowa, US, 32

Anon (1699). An Account for the Societies for the Reformation of Manners in England and Ireland, London.

Anon (1750). The Female Soldier, London. Available at Project Gutenberg

Cannon, T. (1749). Ancient and Modern Pederasty Investigated and Exemplify’d, London. Available at Wikisource

Hanham, A.A. (undated) ‘Societies for the Reformation of Manners in the 1690s’, The History of Parliament.

McGavran, J.H. (1996) ‘Defusing the discharged soldier: Wordsworth, Coleridge, and homosexual panic,’ Papers on Language & Literature, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 147+.

Norton, R. (1999) ‘William Beckford: the Fool of Fonthill’ at Gay History and Literature.

Malla, G. (1950). ‘Dorothy Wordsworth: The Perfect Sister’, The Atlantic, Dec. 1950. Available at https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1950/12/dorothy-wordsworth-the-perfect-sister/376240/

Redding, C. (1858). Memoirs of William Beckford of Fonthill, Vol 1, London

Taylor, G.R. (1954). Sex in History, New York.

Wilson, F. (2009). ‘The Ballad of Dorothy Wordsworth’, NY Times.

Cocks, H. (2006). ‘Safeguarding Civility: Sodomy, Class and Moral Reform in Nineteenth-Century England’, Past and Present, No. 190, OUP, 121-146.

Eliza Lynn Linton

Layard, G.S. (1901). Mrs Lynn Linton: Her Life, Letters and Opinions, London: Methuen & Co.

Lynn Linton, E. (1885). The Autobiography of Christopher Kirkland, Vol. I-III, London: Richard Bentley and Son.

Saudo-Welby, N. (2019). ‘Queering Christopher Kirkland (188%): Eliza Lynn Linton’s “Autobiography-in-Drag”’, e-Rea, 16.2, [doi: https://doi.org/10.4000/erea.7606]

Herbert Charles Pollitt

Benson, E.F. (1897). The Babe, B.A.: Being the uneventful history of a young gentleman at Cambridge University, London & New York.

Crowley, A., J. Symonds and K. Grant (eds) (1989). The Confessions of Aleister Crowley: an autohagiography, London.  

Mary Wakefield

Lee, V. (1937). Vernon Lee’s Letters, privately printed

Newmarch, R. (1912). Mary Wakefield: a memoir, Kendal: Atkinson & Pollitt.

White, M.V. (1914). Friends and Memories, London: Edward Arnold.

Warrington Case 1806

Graham, R. (1806). Remarkable Trials at the Lancashire Assizes, London: J. Day, 31-68.

Lawson, J. (2025). ‘”Sapphic Sedition”: Lesbians and Law in the 1921 Criminal Law Amendment Act’ on The Law Bod Blog

Listen to interview clips from OutREACH Cumbria’s Celebrate project at https://northwestsoundheritage.org/2022/11/09/uap027-cumbria-outreach/.

Blacklock, S. (2024). I Knew I’d Done Nothing Wrong: Life as a Gay Christian in Cumbria, 1940s to 2020s, Ulverston: Pixel Tweaks.

Gavins, J. (2018). Is it About that Boy?: The shocking trauma of aversion therapy, York: JGSCR Publishing.

Thomas Baty / Irene Clyde

Clyde, I. (1909). Beatrice the Sixteenth, London: George Bell & Sons.

Keenleyside, H.L. (1981). Memoirs of Hugh L Keenleyside: Hammer of the Golden Day, Toronto: McClelland and Stewart.

Copies of Urania (journal) are available at: https://digital.library.lse.ac.uk/documents?filter_21=Urania&applyState=true

Dora Marsden

Garner, L. (2019). A Brave and Beautiful Spirit: Dora Marsden, 1882-1960, Portland OR.

All issues of The Freewoman are available at https://modjourn.org/journal/freewoman/.

Elsie Butler

Butler, E. (1959). Paper Boats: an autobiography, London: Colins.

Clifford Last

Jones, M. ‘Clifford Last: Game Shame’ (video) at http://mathewjones.com/GayShame_CliffordLast.html

Last, N., R. Broad & S, Fleming (eds) (2006). Nella Last’s War, London.

Last, N., P & R Malcolmson (eds) (2008). Nella Last’s Peace, London.

Dickie Buckle

Buckle, R. (1981). The Most Upsetting Woman: Autobiography 1, London: William Collins Sons & Co Ltd.

Percy/Roberta Kelly

https://www.percykelly.co.uk/

‘Percy Kelly (1918-1993)’ in Cumbrian Lives: Towards a Dictionary of Cumbrian Biography at https://www.cumbrianlives.org.uk/lives/percy-kelly.html

Burkett, M.E. & Rickerby, V.M. (1997). A Cumbrian Artist, Cumbria: Skiddaw Press.

Wadsworth, C. (2004). The Painted Letters of Percy Kelly: Sent to Joan David, 1983-1993, London: Historical Publications Ltd.

Wadsworth, C. (2011). The Man Who Couldn’t Stop Drawing: The Extraordinary Life of Percy Kelly, Studio.

Maureen Colquhoun

Orr, C. & L. Robinson (2024), ‘It’s A Story of Love’, Queer Cumbria: Woman Up, Issue 3, April 2024.

Kris Kirk

Armstrong, S. (2026). ‘A Boy Called Mary’, Queer Cumbria available at https://www.queercumbria.com/a-boy-called-mary/.

Burton, P. (1993). ‘Obituary: Kris Kirk’, The Independent, 27 April 1993, available at https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-kris-kirk-1458012.html

Watch A Boy Called Mary (1986), documentary about Kris Kirk’s life at https://player.bfi.org.uk/rentals/film/watch-a-boy-called-mary-1986-online.

Greenberg, D.F. (1988). The Construction of Homosexuality, London: University of Chicago Press.

Grosclaude, J. (2014). ‘From Bugger to Homosexual: The English Sodomite as Criminally Deviant 1533-1967’, Revue française de civilisation britannique, XIX (1), 31-46.

Lemmey, H. and B. Miller (2022). Bad Gays: A Homosexual History, Verso.